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HHO Cell Plate Design
Plate Configurations
There is a lot of confusion about the internal relationship of cell plate sizes and how they are configured. I am going to attempt to clear some of that up.
Plate Size determines the maximum amperage that should be put across it; that is, the Active Area that the water touches. Maximum Amperage Efficiency is based on 0.54 amps per square inch of active surface area, on one side of a plate (Unipolar or Bipolar). Hydrogen will be made on one plate and Oxygen on the opposite. If you exceed the efficiency limit, you make more HHO gas, but you also make a lot more heat because the electrons do not have enough room to disperse; so they pile up. When the electrons pile up, they create heat. The additional heat shortens the Run Time of the Cell; the water gets hot much sooner. It also shortens the life span of the metal plates. Who's fault is it? If a company tells you the cell will produce 2 LPM at 20 amps, and the cell is 3.5 x 3.5, with a 3 inch Inside Diameter surface area, it is most likely the HHO Companies fault for misleading their products efficiency.
If you have 3" x 3" plates, separated by 2.5" ID gaskets, square/rectangle, the active plate surface is the area inside the gasket (2.5 x 2.5). If the gaskets are round, it is the inside diameter of the gasket that needs to be measured. The overall size of the plate has nothing to do with making the gas, only the area the water touches makes gas, so that is the only part that should be used in calculating the Maximum Efficient Current Density (amperage). Size of the plates limits the amount of HHO gas you can make efficiently. Number of plates and Amperage make the gas.
And another thing, Titanium does not make more gas than 316L Stainless Steel, using equal amperage, plate size, and configurations. more later
This Table shows the Maximum Efficient Operating AmperageBased on Active Plate Size or Diameter
Gasket Shape Active Plate Size Maximum Amps Density
Rectangular 2.5 x 2.5 3.38
Circle 2.5 Diameter 2.65
Rectangle 3.5 x 3.5 6.62
Circle 3.5 Diameter 5.19
Rectangle 4 x 4 8.64
Circle 4 Diameter 6.78
Rectangle 5 x 5 13.5
Circle 5 Diameter 10.6
Rectangle 6 x 6 19.44
Circle 6 Diameter 15.26
Rectangle 7 x 7 26.46
Circle 7 Diameter 20.77
The Number of Plates determines how much HHO gas gets made, with a particular amount of amperage. It takes 96 amps to make 1 LPM using 2 Plates. Only 10.44 ML is made per amp; regardless of the size of the plates. If you build a Unipolar Cell, + - + , you make 20.88 ML of gas using 2 amps; 1 amp for each set of plates. But if you build a Bipolar cell, a Series cell, using + n - , you make 20.88 ML of gas using just 1 amp. The same amperage flow is passing through all 3 plates.
In the table below, I list the amount of HHO that is made with the supplied amperage vs. the number of series plates.
This Table shows the LPM that a certain Amperage can make with a particular number of Series Plates, Regardless of the size of the Plates
Operating Amps Number of Plates LPM
1 2 10.44 ML
1 3 20.88 ML
1 4 31.32 ML
1 5 41.76 ML
1 6 52.20 ML
1 7 62.64 ML
2 2 20.88 ML
2 3 41.76 ML
2 4 62.64 ML
2 5 83.52 ML
2 6 104.4 ML
2 7 125.28 ML
3 2 31.32 ML
3 3 62.64 ML
3 4 93.96 ML
3 5 125.28 ML
3 6 156.6 ML
3 7 187.92 ML
5 2 52.2 ML
5 3 104.4 ML
5 4 156.6 ML
5 5 208.8 ML
5 6 261 ML
5 7 313.2 ML
10 2 104.4 ML
10 3 208.8 ML
10 4 313.2 ML
10 5 417.6 ML
10 6 522 ML
10 7 626.4 ML
15 2 156.6 ML
15 3 313.2 ML
15 4 469.8 ML
15 5 626.4 ML
15 6 782.23 ML
15 7 939.6 ML
Amps Plates LPM
96 2 1 LPM
48 3 1 LPM
32 4 1 LPM
24 5 1 LPM
19.2 6 1 LPM
16 7 1.LPM